Abstract: Under the dwarf forest cultivation mode of Cinnamomum camphora, cutting down branches and leaves once a year or three times every two years to extract essential oil would lead to the decline of soil fertility, especially the serious loss of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.. In order to provide technical support for fertilization of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest, 4-year-old Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest was used as material to study the effects of compound fertilizer application （0 g per plant, 12.5 g per plant, 25 g per plant, 50 g per plant, 100 g per plant, 200 g per plant） on growth and oil yield of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest. The results showed that the application of compound fertilizer could significantly promote the length and diameter of sprouts in Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest. The application of 100 g per plant compound fertilizer had a significant effect on the length and diameter of sprouts, but had no effect on the sprouting number of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest. Applying 25-100 g per plant compound fertilizer could significantly promote the fresh weight of single plant, fresh weight of single leaf, fresh weight of single twig and fresh weight of single main branch of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest, among which application of 100 g per plant compound fertilizer had the best effect. The application of compound fertilizer had no significant effect on the oil yield of single leaf and twig of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest, but the oil yield of main branch increased with the increase of application amount of compound fertilizer. Therefore, the application of compound fertilizer can promote the yield of essential oil per unit area by promoting the biomass of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest, and the optimal application amount of compound fertilizer is 100 g per plant.