Abstract: In this study, Tricholoma matsutake from 5 counties and 26 towns in Ganzi Prefecture was used as the research object. The heavy metal content, soil pH value, organic matter content in Tricholoma matsutake were measured, and the influencing factors of heavy metal accumulation were analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in the content of heavy metals in Tricholoma matsutake and soil samples collected from different places. The correlation coefficient of heavy metals content between soil and Tricholoma matsutake was 0.2<R<0.5, which indicated that there was a positive correlation. The arsenic (As) content in Tricholoma matsutake increased with the increase of soil acidity and organic matter content, while the accumulation of lead (Pb) was the opposite, that was, the higher the altitude, the higher the Pb content. Therefore, soil and altitude could affect the accumulation of heavy metals in Tricholoma matsutake.