Abstract: The fractal characteristics of soil particles of different plantations and their relationship with soil structure and nutrients in loess hilly and gully region of Qingshuihe county were studied, and the effects of different plantations on soil structure and nutrients in Qingshuihe county were compared with the fractal dimension of soil volume, so as to understand the soil structure and nutrient status of different plantations and provide reference for the selection of local artificial forests and rational management. Nine kinds of plantations in the study area were selected as the research objects, and the woodland free land was used as the control. The particle size distribution of soil was measured by laser particle size analyzer and the fractal dimension was calculated. The nutrient status was evaluated by single index, and the correlation between the fractal dimension of soil and nutrient was analyzed. The fractal dimension of soil volume of plantations in the study area was between 2.1785-2.3192, and the fractal dimension of soil volume was as follows: Pinus tabuliformis Carr.×Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. > Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. and PinPinus tabuliformis Carr. × Armeniaca sibirica (L.) Lam. (P>0.5) > Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. × Caragana korshinskii Kom., Armeniaca sibirica (L.) Lam. × Caragana korshinskii Kom., Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. (P>0.5) > Pinus tabuliformis Carr., Caragana korshinskii Kom., Armeniaca sibirica (L.) Lam. (P>0.5) > bare land. The fractal dimension of soil volume was positively correlated with clay, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus (P<0.5), and negatively correlated with sand (P<0.5), but not significantly correlated with silt and organic matter. There was no significant difference between nutrient evaluation results and fractal dimension of different plantations. The plantations in the study area had remarkable effects for improving soil structure and nutrients, and Pinus tabuliformis Carr.×Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen., PinPinus tabuliformis Carr. × Armeniaca sibirica (L.) Lam. mixed forest and Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. pure forest had great impacts on soil structure and nutrients, and the improvement effect was the best.