Abstract: By studying the effects of different planting densities on the growth and leaf yield of Ginkgo biloba. L. in the hilly areas of Northeast Sichuan, the reasonable density control direction with high economic benefit was obtained, which provided theoretical support for production practice. In this study, two-year-old Ginkgo biloba "Kaijianghuang No.1" was used as the test material, and five different planting densities were used to study the effects of different planting densities on the growth and leaf yield of Ginkgo biloba for three consecutive years. The results showed that: (1) Under the geographical conditions in northeast Sichuan and within a certain density range, the planting density had little effect on the ground diameter and lateral branches in the first year of the construction of Ginkgo biloba base. With the increase of tree age, the ground diameter growth and lateral branches of Ginkgo biloba. garden with excessive planting density showed a slow growth trend compared with low density garden, and different planting densities had no significant effect on the height growth of Ginkgo biloba. (2) When Ginkgo biloba was less than 4.5 years and planted at a density of 100000 plants per hectare, the yield per hectare was 2.76 times higher than that of the low-density treatment with a planting density of 14000 plants per hectare, and the yield per hectare reaches 20428.00 kg. At the age of 5.5 years, the leaf yield of high-density planting with planting density of 100000 plants hm⁻² decreased by 15.93% compared with that of 4.5 years, while the leaf yield of low-density planting with planting density of 14000 plants hm⁻² was as high as 41322.60 kg hm⁻², which was 1.41 times as high as that of high-density planting in the same year. Therefore, in the hilly area of northeast Sichuan, the maximum planting density can be maintained at 100000 plants·hm⁻² before the blooming period. With the increase of tree age, the planting density should be reduced year by year. In the blooming period, the density should be kept at about 15000 plants·hm⁻², so as to maximize the economic benefits per unit area.