Abstract: It is of great significance to explore the fine root morphological characteristics and nutrient distribution patterns of Olea europaea for its introduction, cultivation, and production. By studying the morphological parameters such as fine root diameter, specific surface area, specific root length, and tissue density of five Olea europaea varieties in the Panxi region, as well as the chemical stoichiometric characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), the differences in fine root morphology and nutrient content among different olive varieties in fine root order levels and their correlation with soil physicochemical properties were discussed. The research results showed that: (1) With the increase of root order level, the diameter of fine roots and tissue density showed a significant increasing trend, while the specific surface area and specific root length showed a significant decreasing trend; (2) The content of fine root C, C:N, and C:P gradually increased with the increase of root order, while the content of fine root N and P basically decreased with the increase of root order. Except for white olives, the overall trend of fine root N: P increased with the increase of root order level; (3) There was no significant correlation between fine root C content and soil physicochemical characteristics indicators. There was a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between the fine root N content and soil C and P content, and a highly significant positive correlation (p<0.01) with soil C: N. There was a highly significant positive correlation (p<0.01) between the fine root P content and soil C, P content, and C: N, while there was a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) between the fine root P content and soil N: P. There was a significant negative correlation between fine root C: N and soil C: N (p<0.05), while there was no significant correlation between fine root N: P, C: P and soil physicochemical characteristics.