Permafrost degradation and vegetation feedback mechanisms, along with coordination strategies for human activity regulation and ecological restoration

Climate warming is accelerating the degradation of permafrost. The mutual function regulation of permafrost and vegetation on carbon-nutrient cycle, surface albedo, and transpiration function has a profound impact on regional carbon balance, biology River diversity and hydrological processes. However, the systematic analysis of the interaction between permafrost and vegetation in function is insufficient, and the scientific nature of ecological restoration strategy and the trade-off between the advantages and disadvantages of permafrost degradation lack sufficient theoretical support. This paper reviews the impact of permafrost degradation on vegetation characteristics, function interaction between permafrost degradation and vegetation, and human activities. The literature review indicates that permafrost degradation changes soil hydrothermal conditions and carbon release, which leads to the decline of alpine ecosystem stability, but its critical thresholds and vegetation response mechanism have temporal and spatial heterogeneity; Human activities have accelerated the degradation of permafrost, and zonal management is needed to balance the relationship between permafrost and economic development; Multidisciplinary and intelligent algorithms are combined to build a technical system. In future development, it is necessary to quantify the triggering effect of permafrost degradation threshold on vegetation succession and develop a permafrost-vegetation dynamic early warning system based on artificial intelligence; Enhance the simulation capability of existing models and solve the problem of insufficient simulation capability of sudden thermal karst disasters; Establish a cross-scale monitoring platform to make up for the technical gap of long-term effect assessment of vegetation restoration technology; Formulate classification control standards for permafrost degradation risk; Construct a collaborative framework of ecological protection and community development in permafrost regions to promote scientific decision-making on climate change adaptation policies; It is recommended to incorporate permafrost carbon sink potential into the national carbon neutrality strategy, promoting the implementation of ecological compensation mechanisms, etc., to provide a paradigm for the sustainable development of high-altitude cold regions globally. This paper systematically integrates the permafrost-vegetation feed between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Pan-Arctic region, and puts forward an interdisciplinary data fusion, which makes up for the theoretical gap of alpine ecosystem restoration strategy.