Influence of Eucalyptus grandis plantation renovation on bird diversity

A large number of plantation renovation projects have been implemented in China, but few studies have been conducted on the characteristics of bird community diversity after plantation renovation. In this study, birds were used as indicator species to study the changes of bird community diversity in Yangtianwo pure Eucalyptus grandis forest in Longquanshan, and the adjacent existing pure Eucalyptus grandis forest was used as control area. The results showed that: (1) After the plantation renovation, the vertical structure of vegetation in the test area was more abundant, and the diversity of bird community increased significantly, with 44 species, which was significantly higher than that in the control area with 27 species. (2) The species richness, abundance and Shannon-Wiener index of birds in the test area were higher than those in the control area in four seasons, and the richness of birds in the test area was the highest in summer, with 10.33 species, which was significantly different from that in the control area (P＜0.05). (3) In the test area, different plantation renovation modes of Eucalyptus grandis pure forest had different degrees of improvement on bird community diversity, and the tree layer was an important habitat for birds to inhabit. The renovation of pure Eucalyptus grandis forest into Cinnamomum camphora evergreen broad-leaved forest, replanting of shrubs and grasses, and the overall optimization of the spatial structure of the shrub and grass layer were the highest renovation model for the improvement of bird diversity. The bird richness of 7.67 species and abundance of 42.00 were significantly higher than that of pure Eucalyptus grandis forest (P＜0.05). There was no significant improvement of bird diversity in the model of cutting down Eucalyptus grandis or still using Eucalyptus grandis as a group species and replanting shrub. The research results will provide innovative approaches and models for exploring the improvement of biodiversity in plantation stand renovation.