Effects of Sunken Landscape Water Body on Temperature and Humidity of Offshore Sites with Different Slope Directions in Summer

The design and construction of sunken water body was a classic method to create garden landscape and improve ecological function. In order to study the impact of sunken landscape water on the temperature and humidity of offshore sites in different slope directions in summer, an artificial lake about 11940 m² area in subtropical climate was taken as the object. The observation sites of 0 m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m and 20 m offshore were set in the four slope directions of the southeast and northwest of the water slope protection. In summer (39℃/25℃), the temperature and humidity of the sites were measured at 9:30, 11:30, 13:30, 15:30 and 17:30 respectively, and the differences among sites, slope directions and times were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in temperature and humidity at 20 sites in 4 slope directions around the landscape water body (P < 0.05). The maximum temperature difference was 6.54 ℃ at 17:30, and the maximum humidity difference was 18.73% at 9:30. (2) The temperature and humidity showed significant differences among directions, among sites and among times (P < 0.05). Among directions, the maximum temperature difference at 15:30 and the maximum humidity difference at 11:30. Among sites, the maximum temperature difference at 17:30 and the maximum humidity difference at 9:30. (3) The temperature and humidity were significantly affected by slope direction, location and time (P < 0.05). The influence of landscape water on humidity was greater than that of temperature. The first influence factor on temperature was time, and the first influence factor on humidity was site, but the second influence factor on temperature and humidity was slope direction similarly. (4) The influence of landscape water on temperature and humidity of slope direction was east > west > north > south, and the influence on offshore site was site₀ > site₂₀ > site₅ > site₁₅ > site₁₀. In conclusion, the cooling and humidification effects of water body on offshore sites with different slope directions were significantly different, so the plant community of ecological slope protection of sunken landscape water should be constructed according to the slope directions and sites.