Analysis of Plant Growth and Flowering Phenology of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis Propagated by Rhizomes

In order to solve the problem of shortage of high-quality provenances of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara, the rhizomes of wild Paris polyphylla var. chinensis over 4 years old were used as the experimental materials, and the growth and flowering phenology of aboveground parts were observed in the third year after planting, and the differences between wild Paris polyphylla var. chinensis plants were studied. The observation results showed that: the minimum number of days in the whole flowering period was 45d, and the maximum number was 83d, resulting in significant differences. The difference between the height of the superior plants and the diameter of stem base increased by 118.42% and 128.57%, respectively, compared with that of the lowest plants. Plant fruiting rate was less than 50%, and the difference of average diameter of fruits was 68.55% higher than that of the lowest. The number of seeds was singular, and the difference of the number of seeds per fruit increased by 1 425% compared with the least. In addition, it began to blossom after March 22^nd, and plant height and stem basal diameter growth increased the most at the flowering stage of 55−64 d. It indicated that there was a great difference between flowering stage and aboveground plant growth.. Therefore, the rhizomes of wild Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara could not be directly used as the mother plant of seedling cultivation and seed collection, but must be artificially screened manually.