Abstract: This study addressed the prevalent issues of extensive fertilization practices and low yield in olive cultivation in Guangyuan City, a key olive-producing region in China. By integrating leaf element analysis technology, six fertilization formulas (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B) were designed to investigate their effects on the growth, development, and yield of olive trees. The results demonstrated that the Group D fertilization formula (N:P:K = 6:2:3) significantly enhanced new shoot growth (23.5% increase in length compared to the control), improved the photosynthetic efficiency (16.4% increase in total chlorophyll content), and elevated the fruit quality (1.8% increase in oil content). This research provided a low-cost, high-efficiency and accurate fertilization scheme for olive-producing areas in northeastern Sichuan Province, represented by Guangyuan City, and offered significant practical values for sustainable olive cultivation.