Abstract: The orthogonal experiment was carried out with four materials of peat, perlite, rice husk, and compost as the matrix component. The height relative growth, diameter growth, height/diameter ratio, dry weight per plant of Machilus thunbergii were determined under different treatments. The results showed that formula P6 (peat: perlite: rice husk: compost=1:0.4:0.2:0.3) had the best growth effect, and the formula (peat: perlite: rice Shell: compost=0.7:0.4:0.2:0.2) selected by extreme value analysis and cost accounting was the most suitable for cultivating Machilus thunbergii seedlings.