Abstract: In order to improve the yield and quality of Zanthoxylum armatum, the pruning methods were explored. In this experiment, the effects of different pruning methods on growth, yield and quality of Zanthoxylum armatum were studied. Compared with the CK, the tree height and crown width of CPP and TP were significantly reduced by 36.8% and 12.0%, 22% and 16.7%, respectively; the branche number, fruit setting rate, fresh pepper yield, pepper peel yield and peel rate were increased by 32.7% and 16.4%, 10.3% and 7.6%, 52.3% and 40.7%, 64.2% and 44.7%, 7.9% and 2.6%, respectively; the thousand pepper weight, numb taste components, volatile oil, ethanol soluble extract and non-volatile ether extract contents were increased by 18.0% and 17.1%, 10.0% and 7.9%, 8.6% and 5.5%, 12.9% and 8.5%, respectively. The comprehensive values of yield and quality of Zanthoxylum armatum were ranked as CPP > TP > CK. The results showed that CPP was an effective pruning methods for Zanthoxylum armatum to control the height and crown width, promote the growth of branches and shoots and improve the yield and quality.