Abstract: From January 2015 to January 2019, fixed line transects method was used to investigate the winter waterbirds diversity and abundance in Langzhong section of the middle reaches of the Jialing River. A total of 30 species of waterfowls was recorded, belonging to seven orders and nine families. Five Sichuan provincial key protected birds, including Gallinula chloropus, Phalacrocorax carbo, Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps nigricollis, Trachybaptus ruficollis, were recorded. Anas poecilorhyncha and Gallinula chloropus were dominant species of waterfowls in Langzhong section of the Jiangling River, accounting for 40.95% of the total number of observed waterfowls. This study showed that the waterbirds diversity in the line transects with more serious human disturbance was lower, indicating that human disturbance was the main reason for the lower birds diversity in this region.