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Volume 44 Issue 1
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MA C C, ZHANG R, TANG M. Styrax rhytidocarpus: a new record species of Styrax genus in Guangxi[J]. Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology, 2023, 44(1): 128−131 doi: 10.12172/202204200002
Citation: MA C C, ZHANG R, TANG M. Styrax rhytidocarpus: a new record species of Styrax genus in Guangxi[J]. Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology, 2023, 44(1): 128−131 doi: 10.12172/202204200002

Styrax rhytidocarpus: a New Record Species of Styrax Genus in Guangxi


doi: 10.12172/202204200002
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  • Received Date: 2022-04-20
    Available Online: 2023-01-12
  • Publish Date: 2023-02-25
  • Through specimen inspection and identification, the new record species Styrax rhytidocarpus was reported in Guposhan Autonomous Region Nature Reserve, Hezhou city, Guangxi province. In this paper, the main morphological characteristics and information of newly recorded specimens were provided, the geographical distribution of this species in China was clarified, and the ornamental and application value of this species were discussed.
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  • [1] 黄淑美. 中国植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1987, 60(2): 77-82.
    [2] 黄淑美. 安息香科的系统位置及地理分布[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报.,1994(4):15−30.
    [3] Hwang S M, Grimes J. Styrax Linnaeus. In: Wu, Z. Y. & Raven, P. H. (Eds. ) Flora of China, vol. 15[M]. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis , 1996, pp. 253–263.
    [4] Huang Y L, Fritsch P W, Shi S. A revision of the imbricate group of <italic>Styrax</italic> serie <italic>Cyrta</italic> (Styracaceae) in Asia[J]. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden., 2003, 90: 491−553. doi: 10.2307/3298541
    [5] Fritsch P W. Phylogeny of <italic>Styrax</italic> based on morphological characters, with implications for biogeography and infrageneric classification[J]. Systematic Botany., 1999, 24(3): 356−378. doi: 10.2307/2419695
    [6] Li G, Fritsch P W. A taxonomic revision of taxa in <italic>Styrax</italic> series <italic>cyrta</italic> (Styracaceae) with valvate corollas[J]. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 2018, 12(2): 579−641. doi: 10.17348/jbrit.v12.i2.962
    [7] Ruan Y Q, Yu Y, Yu F, et al. Reinstatement of the Chinese endemic species <italic>Styrax zhejiangensis</italic>[J]. PhytoKeys., 2019, 133: 105−113. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.133.37942
    [8] Xu W B, Yang P, Huang Y S, et al. <italic>Styrax hwangiae</italic> (Styracaceae), a new species endemic to limestone areas of Guangxi, China[J]. Phytotaxa, 2021, 478(1): 171−178. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.478.1.13
    [9] 赵万义,刘忠成,金建华,等. 中缅安息香, 中国安息香科一新记录种[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报,2020,28(5):520−522.
    [10] Zhang R, Zhao W Y, Liu Y L, et al. Rediscovery of <italic>Styrax buchananii</italic> and <italic>S. chrysocarpus</italic>, with supplemental descriptions adding fruit and floral characters, respectively[J]. Phytotaxa, 2021, 479(2): 173−182. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.479.2.3
    [11] Zhou H, Yang W, Li M, et al. <italic>Styrax rhytidocarpus</italic> (Styracaceae), a new species from Hunan, China[J]. Phytotaxa, 2015, 230(1): 87−91. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.230.1.9
    [12] Perkins J. Styracaceae. In: Engler A. (Ed. ) Das pflanzenreich IV (241) [M]. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1–111.
    [13] 张程. 中国安息香科植物种质资源及研究进展[J]. 南方林业科学,2010,000(6):42−47. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2505.2010.06.015
    [14] 陈涛,陈忠毅. 安息香科植物地理分布研究[J]. 植物研究,2007,27(6):57−66.
    [15] 祁承经, 汤庚国. 树木学(南方本)[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 1994: 171−177.
    [16] 张天麟. 园林树木1200 种[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2005: 193−196.
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Styrax rhytidocarpus: a New Record Species of Styrax Genus in Guangxi

doi: 10.12172/202204200002
  • College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China

Abstract: Through specimen inspection and identification, the new record species Styrax rhytidocarpus was reported in Guposhan Autonomous Region Nature Reserve, Hezhou city, Guangxi province. In this paper, the main morphological characteristics and information of newly recorded specimens were provided, the geographical distribution of this species in China was clarified, and the ornamental and application value of this species were discussed.

  • 安息香科(Styracaceae)植物在我国分布广,种类丰富,约12属180种[1]。安息香属(Styrax L.)是现存该科种类最多,分布最广的一种模式属,全世界大致有140余种,分布的范围主要为亚洲及美洲的热带、亚热带地区,欧洲地中海沿岸仅有1种分布。在中国已记录的种有32种2变种,主要分布在我国的南部与西南部,其中云南省和广西壮族自治区分布最多,都有16种,其次为广东省和湖南省,有13种[1-11]。该属多为乔木或灌木,单叶互生,多数植株被星状毛或鳞片状毛,极少无毛。Perkins(1907)[12]以花冠裂片的排列形式将安息香属分为两个组:即安息香组(sect. Styrax (Gürke) Perk),花冠裂片呈覆瓦状或镊合排列,胚珠数量为16~24颗;另一个是南美安息香组(sect. Forveolaria (Gürke) Perk),花冠裂片呈镊合状排列,胚珠数量3~5颗。Perkins根据花冠裂片的排列方式进一步将安息香组(sect. Styrax (Gürke) Perk)分为两个系:覆瓦状花冠系ser. Imbricatae (Gürke) Perk.和镊合状花冠系ser. Valvatae (Gürke) Perk.。Fritsch(1999, 2001)首次结合形态学和分子系统学证据,对该属重新进行了分类处理:将安息香组(约33种)划分为腋生花序系ser. Styrax和顶生花序系ser. Cyrta,将镊合状花冠组(约97种)分为镊合状花冠系ser. Valvatae和常绿系ser. Benzoin,得到了学术界的广泛认可[5,7,10-11]。由于安息香属植物具有重要的药用、经济观赏价值,因此发现其新记录种有广泛的利用途径。

    在进行国产安息香属分类修订过程中,于中南林业科技大学植物标本馆(CSFI)发现了广西贺州姑婆山两号带果的安息香属标本被鉴定为皱果安息香(见图1)。经文献查阅和模式标本检查,确认该两号标本为皱果安息香,为广西省的新分布记录,现报道如下:

    Figure 1.  Styrax rhytidocarpus A: Guposhan, Hezhou, Guangxi, China, W.J. Liu & C.Y. Zhou45 (PE); B: Guposhan Autonomous Region Nature Reserve, roadside near the top of the mountain, Hezhou, Guangxi, China, C.Y. Zhou et al. GPS180722041 (PE).

    • 皱果安息香 Styrax rhytidocarpus H. Zhou, W. Yang & X.L. Yu in Phytotaxa. 230 (1): 87. 2015[11]. Type: China(中国), Hunan(湖南), Linwu Xian(临武), Xishan Yaozu Zizhixian (西山瑶族自治县), ca. 960 m, 25°14′37.09′′N, 112°25′25.58′′E, 28 April 2014, D. Zhou & H. Zhou 14042802 (CSFI, IBSC).

    • 落叶灌木或小乔木,高可达7 m;枝条为棕色;叶互生,叶片椭圆形或椭长圆形,长6~15(20)× 3~9 cm,叶柄无毛,长4~10 mm,叶缘具有浅齿,基部为楔形;总状花序顶生,长4~11 cm;花冠白色,长1.8~2.3 cm,呈覆瓦状;雄蕊等长,约1.7~2.0 cm;核果卵圆形或圆锥形,长2.5×1.5 cm,且具有皱纹,外有黄色鳞片,果皮厚肉质有皱纹,具有稍弯曲的长喙;碗状花萼为棕色,具有皱纹,约1.2×1.2 cm,宿存;种子为卵形,具深棕色和黑色两种颜色,直径约0.7~1.0 cm;种皮为被脊状且密被褐色星状毛[11](见图2)。

      Figure 2.  Styrax rhytidocarpus A: Leaf front (left) and back (right) view; B: Flower (lateral view); C: Flower (lateral view); D: Flowering branch; E: Unfolded flower showing stamen; F: Stamen (left); Gynoecium (right); G: Fruit calyx; H: Fruit; I: Seed (equatorial view); J: Seed (polar view). Photographs A-F by W. Y. Zhao, and G-J by R. Zhang.

      省级新分布记录凭证标本:广西,贺州,姑婆山自治区级自然保护区山顶沿路,皱春玉等GPS180722041 (CSFI) (Fig. 1-A);广西,贺州,姑婆山,刘文剑和邹春玉45 (CSFI) (Fig. 1-B)。

    • 经过文献查阅和标本检查发现,该种主要分布于湖南(临武、宜章)、广东(连山)和广西(贺州),生长在竹阔叶混交林中或者湿润阴暗处的环境,分布海拔为800~1130 m,花期4至5月,果期5至10月。以现有标本记为依据,绘制了该种的地理分布图(见图3)。

      Figure 3.  Geographical distribution of Styrax rhytidocarpus

    2.   讨论
    • 安息香科植物具有重要的药用、经济和观赏价值[13]。例如从一些种类的种子油或树脂中提炼的“白花油”或“安息香”,是珍贵的药用成分和制造高级芳香油的原料;一些乔木种类速生杆直,纤维细长,是木材和造纸工业的优良原料[14];同时该科一些种类具有洁白芬芳的花朵或色艳形奇的果实,是珍稀的观赏植物[15-16]。皱果安息香果实厚肉质具有皱纹以及脊状和密被星状毛的种子,是区别于该属其他植物的明显特征。该种总状花序繁密,果实较为奇特,亦具有较大的园林景观应用的潜力。

      本文通过对相关文献的查阅和新记录标本的检查,发现皱果安息香在广西贺州的新记录分布,不仅丰富了广西安息香科植物多样性,扩展了该物种的地理分布范围,同时能为后续学者开展相关工作提供宝贵资料,对研究安息香属植物分类具有重要价值。

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