2019 Vol. 40 Issue 5
2019 Vol. 40, No. 5
Export
Citation
2019, 40(5): 1-4,10.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.001
Abstract:
Volemys millicens belonged to family Cricetidae and subfamily Arvicolinae. Volemys millicens was a very rare species, which was nominated in 1911 by Thomas. But from then on, there had no any records of this species. Until 2013, the specimen was collected in Maoxian county, which was the only record of Volemys millicens in the world. In 2018, 2 specimens of voles were collected in Wanglang National Natural Reserve, which were similar to Volemys millicens. Through morphology and molecular study, they were confirmed as Volemys millicens. This was the second record of Volemys milllicens in the world.
Volemys millicens belonged to family Cricetidae and subfamily Arvicolinae. Volemys millicens was a very rare species, which was nominated in 1911 by Thomas. But from then on, there had no any records of this species. Until 2013, the specimen was collected in Maoxian county, which was the only record of Volemys millicens in the world. In 2018, 2 specimens of voles were collected in Wanglang National Natural Reserve, which were similar to Volemys millicens. Through morphology and molecular study, they were confirmed as Volemys millicens. This was the second record of Volemys milllicens in the world.
2019, 40(5): 5-10.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.002
Abstract:
Survival rate of replanting, total biomass, diversity of shrub and grass layers and water conservation ability of ground cover and soil from different modes (7 modes in all, they are respectively S1+B1, meaning to do nothing; S2+B1, meaning cutting down 20% birch according to stock; S2+B2, cutting 20% birch according to stock and replanting spruce seedlings according to 2 500 trees per hectare;S2+B3, cutting down 20% birch according to stock and replanting spruce seedlings according to 2 000 trees per hectare;S3+B1, meaning cutting down 40% birch according to stock;S3+B2, means cutting down 40% birch according to stock replanting spruce seedlings according to 2 500 trees per hectare;S3+B3, cutting down 40% birch according to stock and replanting spruce seedlings according to 2 000 trees per hectare) have been measured and sampled, and Effects of thinning and replanting on Succession process have been analyzed from Betula spp. natural secondary forests through representative sampling, harvesting and modeling, evaluated by subordinate function method. The result showed that seedlings, diversity of shrub and grass under forest and the stand biomass that mainly came from tree biomass increased at different level, but not for water conservation ability of ground cover and soil after thinning and replanting 1 years later. S2+B3 mode was the best one for effecting on succession process of Betula spp. natural secondary forests in all of 7 modes.
Survival rate of replanting, total biomass, diversity of shrub and grass layers and water conservation ability of ground cover and soil from different modes (7 modes in all, they are respectively S1+B1, meaning to do nothing; S2+B1, meaning cutting down 20% birch according to stock; S2+B2, cutting 20% birch according to stock and replanting spruce seedlings according to 2 500 trees per hectare;S2+B3, cutting down 20% birch according to stock and replanting spruce seedlings according to 2 000 trees per hectare;S3+B1, meaning cutting down 40% birch according to stock;S3+B2, means cutting down 40% birch according to stock replanting spruce seedlings according to 2 500 trees per hectare;S3+B3, cutting down 40% birch according to stock and replanting spruce seedlings according to 2 000 trees per hectare) have been measured and sampled, and Effects of thinning and replanting on Succession process have been analyzed from Betula spp. natural secondary forests through representative sampling, harvesting and modeling, evaluated by subordinate function method. The result showed that seedlings, diversity of shrub and grass under forest and the stand biomass that mainly came from tree biomass increased at different level, but not for water conservation ability of ground cover and soil after thinning and replanting 1 years later. S2+B3 mode was the best one for effecting on succession process of Betula spp. natural secondary forests in all of 7 modes.
2019, 40(5): 11-16.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.003
Abstract:
Grassland desertification is one of the serious environmental problems in China, but the research on grassland desertification mainly focuses on the effects of soil nutrient and enclosure on plants, but there are few concerns and researches on the changes of plant communities in the process of grassland desertification in China. Through field investigations, studies were made of the variation characteristics of plant communities during the desertification process of alpine grassland in northwestern Sichuan. The researches have shown that:(1) There are 33 species in the survey plot, belonging to 17 families and 29 genera; (2) the species richness index is also increasing with the increase of the repair period, but the species diversity change index and species uniformity index increase first and then decreas with the increase of the repair period; (3) The TWINSPAN quantity classification divides the plant community of the Zoige restoration site into 11 types; (4) The first axis of the sample DCA ranking basically reflects the change gradient of the repair period, The two axes basically reflect the change in altitude.
Grassland desertification is one of the serious environmental problems in China, but the research on grassland desertification mainly focuses on the effects of soil nutrient and enclosure on plants, but there are few concerns and researches on the changes of plant communities in the process of grassland desertification in China. Through field investigations, studies were made of the variation characteristics of plant communities during the desertification process of alpine grassland in northwestern Sichuan. The researches have shown that:(1) There are 33 species in the survey plot, belonging to 17 families and 29 genera; (2) the species richness index is also increasing with the increase of the repair period, but the species diversity change index and species uniformity index increase first and then decreas with the increase of the repair period; (3) The TWINSPAN quantity classification divides the plant community of the Zoige restoration site into 11 types; (4) The first axis of the sample DCA ranking basically reflects the change gradient of the repair period, The two axes basically reflect the change in altitude.
2019, 40(5): 17-22.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.004
Abstract:
Xichang city was taken as the research area. Based on the land use data obtained by DEM and remote sensing interpretation, the distribution characteristics of land use under the influence of four terrain factors were obtained by superposition processing of extracted topographic factors (elevation, slope, aspect, topography) and land use status map with the support of GIS software and spatial technology. And the coupling relationship was further analyzed between land use spatial distribution and topographic factors. The results showed that (1) the land use type in Xichang City was mainly forest land, accounting for 50.51% of the total area. The area size of grassland was close to that of cultivated land, paddy field, or construction land, and the proportion of water body and other land types were small; (2) Each land use type showed a law of ladder change in different elevation, slope and topographic level; the land use degree of sunny slope and semi-sunny slope was higher than that of shady slope and semi-shady slope, and the water body was not affected by slope direction; (3) Land use types in Xichang City were relatively strictly limited by topographical factors, and currently, there was no extremely large-scale distribution caused by strong human disturbances and geological disasters.
Xichang city was taken as the research area. Based on the land use data obtained by DEM and remote sensing interpretation, the distribution characteristics of land use under the influence of four terrain factors were obtained by superposition processing of extracted topographic factors (elevation, slope, aspect, topography) and land use status map with the support of GIS software and spatial technology. And the coupling relationship was further analyzed between land use spatial distribution and topographic factors. The results showed that (1) the land use type in Xichang City was mainly forest land, accounting for 50.51% of the total area. The area size of grassland was close to that of cultivated land, paddy field, or construction land, and the proportion of water body and other land types were small; (2) Each land use type showed a law of ladder change in different elevation, slope and topographic level; the land use degree of sunny slope and semi-sunny slope was higher than that of shady slope and semi-shady slope, and the water body was not affected by slope direction; (3) Land use types in Xichang City were relatively strictly limited by topographical factors, and currently, there was no extremely large-scale distribution caused by strong human disturbances and geological disasters.
2019, 40(5): 23-28,87.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.005
Abstract:
Based on Landsat TM/OLI series remote sensing data, NDVI values were extracted by RS and GIS, and vegetation FVC grading maps of Qingshen county in 2009, 2013 and 2018 were obtained by pixel binary model, and their dynamic changes were analyzed by transfer matrix and difference method. The results showed that the vegetation coverage in Qingshen county was generally good, and the vegetation coverage was mainly above medium and high.In 2009-2013, the 71.73% medium and high vegetation coverage in the region above derceased to 62.69%,and the proportion of the total improvement in 2018 accounted for 67.77% of the total area,showing that the vegetation coverage shows in Qingshen county from 2009 to 2018 experienced degradation before improving trend, but overall the small-amplitude degradation.The degradation area was more 6.22 km2 than the improve area, accounting for 1.6% of the total area. According to the analysis, the expansion of urban areas and the construction of infrastructure encroached on the cultivated land and forest land, which was the main cause of vegetation coverage degradation in Qingshen county. In order to promote the sustainable development of regional ecological environment, the vegetation coverage in and around the central city should be further improved.
Based on Landsat TM/OLI series remote sensing data, NDVI values were extracted by RS and GIS, and vegetation FVC grading maps of Qingshen county in 2009, 2013 and 2018 were obtained by pixel binary model, and their dynamic changes were analyzed by transfer matrix and difference method. The results showed that the vegetation coverage in Qingshen county was generally good, and the vegetation coverage was mainly above medium and high.In 2009-2013, the 71.73% medium and high vegetation coverage in the region above derceased to 62.69%,and the proportion of the total improvement in 2018 accounted for 67.77% of the total area,showing that the vegetation coverage shows in Qingshen county from 2009 to 2018 experienced degradation before improving trend, but overall the small-amplitude degradation.The degradation area was more 6.22 km2 than the improve area, accounting for 1.6% of the total area. According to the analysis, the expansion of urban areas and the construction of infrastructure encroached on the cultivated land and forest land, which was the main cause of vegetation coverage degradation in Qingshen county. In order to promote the sustainable development of regional ecological environment, the vegetation coverage in and around the central city should be further improved.
2019, 40(5): 29-33,59.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.006
Abstract:
Forest carbon sequestration is one of the important ways to mitigate climate change. Forest farmers' intention to participate in forest carbon sequestration has a root effect on carbon sequestration management. In this study, social trust, the core element of social capital theory, was incorporated into TPB theory. The structural equation model was used to analyze 206 forest farmers in Heping County. The results showed that social trust had a positive driving effect on farmers' intention to participate; subjective norms directly or indirectly drove farmers' intention to participate through farmers' participation attitude; perceptual behavior control indirectly drove farmers' intention to participate through farmers' participation attitude, and there was no direct driving effect on farmers' intention to participate. The conclusions provided theoretical and practical basis for promoting forest farmers to participate in forestry carbon sequestration projects.
Forest carbon sequestration is one of the important ways to mitigate climate change. Forest farmers' intention to participate in forest carbon sequestration has a root effect on carbon sequestration management. In this study, social trust, the core element of social capital theory, was incorporated into TPB theory. The structural equation model was used to analyze 206 forest farmers in Heping County. The results showed that social trust had a positive driving effect on farmers' intention to participate; subjective norms directly or indirectly drove farmers' intention to participate through farmers' participation attitude; perceptual behavior control indirectly drove farmers' intention to participate through farmers' participation attitude, and there was no direct driving effect on farmers' intention to participate. The conclusions provided theoretical and practical basis for promoting forest farmers to participate in forestry carbon sequestration projects.
2019, 40(5): 34-37,65.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.007
Abstract:
In order to further tap the local walnut germplasm resources, 100 excellent walnut germplasms in Deyang were screened and compared with ‘Liaohe No. 1’ and ‘Xiangling’ in terms of flowering and fruiting, nut traits and quality, stress resistance and so on. The results showed that (1) the selected walnut germplasms were ‘Jingke 1’ and ‘Jingke 2’, respectively. (2) Both ‘Jingke 1’ and ‘Jingke 2’ had the characteristics of good appearance, thin shell, light color and good quality of kernels with the genetic superiority of their parents, and showed the characteristics of good quality, high yield and strong resistance to stress. (3) The stress resistance of ‘Jingke 1’ and ‘Jingke 2’ was better than that of ‘Liaohe 1’ and ‘Xiangling’.
In order to further tap the local walnut germplasm resources, 100 excellent walnut germplasms in Deyang were screened and compared with ‘Liaohe No. 1’ and ‘Xiangling’ in terms of flowering and fruiting, nut traits and quality, stress resistance and so on. The results showed that (1) the selected walnut germplasms were ‘Jingke 1’ and ‘Jingke 2’, respectively. (2) Both ‘Jingke 1’ and ‘Jingke 2’ had the characteristics of good appearance, thin shell, light color and good quality of kernels with the genetic superiority of their parents, and showed the characteristics of good quality, high yield and strong resistance to stress. (3) The stress resistance of ‘Jingke 1’ and ‘Jingke 2’ was better than that of ‘Liaohe 1’ and ‘Xiangling’.
2019, 40(5): 38-44.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.008
Abstract:
To investigate effects of soil moisture content on the growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics, Phoebe zhennan saplings of same age and same mother tree were cultivated respectively in different moisture content soil in the Teaching and Research Base of Sichuan Agricultural University (the western margin in the Rainy Zone of West China of the Sichuan Basin). The observation and measurement of soil moisture content were performed respectively in April, June, August and October, and the determinations of morphological indexes were conducted in June, August and October respectively. The results showed that the plant height and ground diameter were higher in the soil of good drainage than those in the moderate or severe waterlogging soil. The photosynthetic efficiency of saplings were also higher in well drained soil. It was of important significance to select proper planting site for P. zhennan.
To investigate effects of soil moisture content on the growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics, Phoebe zhennan saplings of same age and same mother tree were cultivated respectively in different moisture content soil in the Teaching and Research Base of Sichuan Agricultural University (the western margin in the Rainy Zone of West China of the Sichuan Basin). The observation and measurement of soil moisture content were performed respectively in April, June, August and October, and the determinations of morphological indexes were conducted in June, August and October respectively. The results showed that the plant height and ground diameter were higher in the soil of good drainage than those in the moderate or severe waterlogging soil. The photosynthetic efficiency of saplings were also higher in well drained soil. It was of important significance to select proper planting site for P. zhennan.
2019, 40(5): 45-50.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.009
Abstract:
For 5-year-old Eucalyptus globulus, the optimal liquefaction bark process was explored by analyzing the chemical components of the bark and its liquefaction residue before and after the liquefaction. The results of chemical component determination showed that the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of bark were 36.65%, 18.98% and 45.37%, respectively. The contents of benzene-alcohol extractives, hot-water extractives and 1% NaOH extractives were 10.30%, 7.15% and 23.64%, respectively. The content of ash accounted for 7.49%. The liquefaction process showed that the catalytic effect of concentrated sulfuric acid was better than concentrated phosphoric acid. The optimum liquefaction parameters were catalytic of 3% concentrated sulfuric acid, temperature of 160℃ and liquid-solid ratio of 5:1. The liquefaction rate was 82.8% under above optimal conditions. Compared with raw materials, the cellulose content, hemicellulose content and lignin content of liquefaction residue reduced by17.90%, 9.19% and 15.99%, respectively.
For 5-year-old Eucalyptus globulus, the optimal liquefaction bark process was explored by analyzing the chemical components of the bark and its liquefaction residue before and after the liquefaction. The results of chemical component determination showed that the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of bark were 36.65%, 18.98% and 45.37%, respectively. The contents of benzene-alcohol extractives, hot-water extractives and 1% NaOH extractives were 10.30%, 7.15% and 23.64%, respectively. The content of ash accounted for 7.49%. The liquefaction process showed that the catalytic effect of concentrated sulfuric acid was better than concentrated phosphoric acid. The optimum liquefaction parameters were catalytic of 3% concentrated sulfuric acid, temperature of 160℃ and liquid-solid ratio of 5:1. The liquefaction rate was 82.8% under above optimal conditions. Compared with raw materials, the cellulose content, hemicellulose content and lignin content of liquefaction residue reduced by17.90%, 9.19% and 15.99%, respectively.
2019, 40(5): 51-55.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.010
Abstract:
According to the mechanism of forestry schistosomiasis prevention and the characteristics of stand models, the benefit evaluation system was extablished for forest of snail control and disease prevention in hilly areas by the analytic hierarchy process with five target layers, such as anti-snail effect, economic benefit, ecological benefit, landscape effect and forest lifetime. And the evaluation results of comprehensive benefits of 34 pure forest models showed that the highest was economic type, followed by dual-use type, and the lowest was timber type.
According to the mechanism of forestry schistosomiasis prevention and the characteristics of stand models, the benefit evaluation system was extablished for forest of snail control and disease prevention in hilly areas by the analytic hierarchy process with five target layers, such as anti-snail effect, economic benefit, ecological benefit, landscape effect and forest lifetime. And the evaluation results of comprehensive benefits of 34 pure forest models showed that the highest was economic type, followed by dual-use type, and the lowest was timber type.
2019, 40(5): 56-59.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.011
Abstract:
To study the biological characteristics of Pineus armandicola, and to improve forecast technology, the morphological characteristics and life history and population changes of P.armandiola were recorded by combining indoor feeding with observation in forests, and the developmental periods were compared for different insect states at 20℃、25℃、30℃ and 35℃.The results showed that P.armandicola bred eleven generations in one year in Daqingliangzi area. On average, it would spend thirty days per generation in spring and summer, and thirty-five days per generation in autumn and winter,with overlapping generations. At 35℃, the developmental period of each insect state was significantly lower than that at the other 3 temperatures (P<0.05); In summer(from June to August), the number of eggs, nymphs, and wingless aphids was significantly higher than those in the other three seasons (P<0.05). The spawning period of P.armandicola was closely related to the phenologies of Rosa mairei,Alnus cremastogyne and Fagopyrum esculentum.
To study the biological characteristics of Pineus armandicola, and to improve forecast technology, the morphological characteristics and life history and population changes of P.armandiola were recorded by combining indoor feeding with observation in forests, and the developmental periods were compared for different insect states at 20℃、25℃、30℃ and 35℃.The results showed that P.armandicola bred eleven generations in one year in Daqingliangzi area. On average, it would spend thirty days per generation in spring and summer, and thirty-five days per generation in autumn and winter,with overlapping generations. At 35℃, the developmental period of each insect state was significantly lower than that at the other 3 temperatures (P<0.05); In summer(from June to August), the number of eggs, nymphs, and wingless aphids was significantly higher than those in the other three seasons (P<0.05). The spawning period of P.armandicola was closely related to the phenologies of Rosa mairei,Alnus cremastogyne and Fagopyrum esculentum.
2019, 40(5): 60-65.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.012
Abstract:
There were three main hypotheses of spatial coexistence between wild animals and human beings, which were co-existence at regional scale, co-existence at intermediate scale and co-existence at fine scale. Identifying the space utilization mode of humans and wild animals could provide scientific reference for the protection and management of wild animals. Therefore, infrared cameras were used to monitor the activities of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and human activities in the centralized distribution area of giant pandas in Wolong Nature Reserve. The coexistence mechanism between giant panda and humans was discussed by analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of giant pandas and human activities. The results showed that (1) at the beginning of the study (2011.11-2013.04), the monthly relative abundance of human activities was relatively low, while the monthly relative abundance of giant pandas detected in this region was relatively high. However, since May 2013, the intensity of human activities increased sharply and stably at a high level, which resulted in a sharp decrease in the monthly relative abundance of giant pandas. (2) Although the use of key limiting factors (such as water sources) led to the overlaps of giant pandas and human activities, in general, the occurrence frequency of giant pandas significantly reduced in regions where human activities frequently occurred. Based on analysis of the three mechanisms of human and wildlife coexistence, the coexistence mode was co-existence at intermediate scale between giant pandas and human activities. Human activities restricted the survival and development of wild animals to a certain extent. The management department should fully consider the impact of human disturbance activities on giant pandas, formulate policies for sustainable development, meanwhile, reduce competition for space and resources between humans and giant pandas.
There were three main hypotheses of spatial coexistence between wild animals and human beings, which were co-existence at regional scale, co-existence at intermediate scale and co-existence at fine scale. Identifying the space utilization mode of humans and wild animals could provide scientific reference for the protection and management of wild animals. Therefore, infrared cameras were used to monitor the activities of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and human activities in the centralized distribution area of giant pandas in Wolong Nature Reserve. The coexistence mechanism between giant panda and humans was discussed by analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of giant pandas and human activities. The results showed that (1) at the beginning of the study (2011.11-2013.04), the monthly relative abundance of human activities was relatively low, while the monthly relative abundance of giant pandas detected in this region was relatively high. However, since May 2013, the intensity of human activities increased sharply and stably at a high level, which resulted in a sharp decrease in the monthly relative abundance of giant pandas. (2) Although the use of key limiting factors (such as water sources) led to the overlaps of giant pandas and human activities, in general, the occurrence frequency of giant pandas significantly reduced in regions where human activities frequently occurred. Based on analysis of the three mechanisms of human and wildlife coexistence, the coexistence mode was co-existence at intermediate scale between giant pandas and human activities. Human activities restricted the survival and development of wild animals to a certain extent. The management department should fully consider the impact of human disturbance activities on giant pandas, formulate policies for sustainable development, meanwhile, reduce competition for space and resources between humans and giant pandas.
2019, 40(5): 66-69.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.013
Abstract:
The quality of habitats was critical for sustainability of giant panda populations. The characteristics of the diet bamboo populations were one of the most important indicators for restoration of the habitat. The staple diet bamboo populations were investigated to get characteristics of the diet bamboo populations for giant pandas in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve from Jun. 2017 to Apr. 2018. The results showed that 1) the giant pandas in Jiuzhaigou generally preferred to the bamboo individuals at an interval of[6.3±0.4]mm (p=95%)in the basal diameter with a maximum of 9.62 mm and a minimum of 3.30 mm; 2). The mean basal diameter of the bamboo individuals occurred in the same zone as the giant pandas' habitat was[4.79±0.2]mm with a maximum of 16.20 mm and a minimum of 1.70 mm (p=95%); 3). The mean population density of bamboos was 35 individnals·m-2; and the height of most bamboos foraged by giant pandas was between 110cm and 125 cm.
The quality of habitats was critical for sustainability of giant panda populations. The characteristics of the diet bamboo populations were one of the most important indicators for restoration of the habitat. The staple diet bamboo populations were investigated to get characteristics of the diet bamboo populations for giant pandas in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve from Jun. 2017 to Apr. 2018. The results showed that 1) the giant pandas in Jiuzhaigou generally preferred to the bamboo individuals at an interval of[6.3±0.4]mm (p=95%)in the basal diameter with a maximum of 9.62 mm and a minimum of 3.30 mm; 2). The mean basal diameter of the bamboo individuals occurred in the same zone as the giant pandas' habitat was[4.79±0.2]mm with a maximum of 16.20 mm and a minimum of 1.70 mm (p=95%); 3). The mean population density of bamboos was 35 individnals·m-2; and the height of most bamboos foraged by giant pandas was between 110cm and 125 cm.
2019, 40(5): 70-73,77.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.014
Abstract:
In order to investigate the fauna and diversity of small mammals in Sichuan Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve, a survey was conducted by snap traps and pitfall traps in May and August, 2018. The results showed that there were 20 species of small mammals belonging to 12 genera, 5 families and 3 orders. Neotetracus sinensis, Ochotona huanglongensis, Episoriculus caudatus and E. macrurus were first reported in this reserve, Uropsilus soricipes should be a cryptic species.Meanwhile, a very rare species, Chodsigoa smithii, was discovered. The above-mentioned intermediate-altitude area was worth being pretected for small mammals.
In order to investigate the fauna and diversity of small mammals in Sichuan Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve, a survey was conducted by snap traps and pitfall traps in May and August, 2018. The results showed that there were 20 species of small mammals belonging to 12 genera, 5 families and 3 orders. Neotetracus sinensis, Ochotona huanglongensis, Episoriculus caudatus and E. macrurus were first reported in this reserve, Uropsilus soricipes should be a cryptic species.Meanwhile, a very rare species, Chodsigoa smithii, was discovered. The above-mentioned intermediate-altitude area was worth being pretected for small mammals.
2019, 40(5): 74-77.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.015
Abstract:
The growths were comparatively analyzed for rubber tree variety ‘Yunyan 77-2’ at difference slope aspects (shady and sunny slope) in the experimental base of environment-friendly rubber plantation of Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops. The results showed the survival rate of rubber trees was 98.67% on sunny slope, higher than that on shady slope. The average circumference of stem was 29.52 cm on sunny slope, significantly higher than that on shady slope by the end of 2018. In the first three years, the annual average growth of stem circumference was significantly higher on sunny slope than that on shady slope, but no significant difference in the fourth year. In general, ‘Yunyan 77-2’ grew better on sunny slope than that on shady slope.
The growths were comparatively analyzed for rubber tree variety ‘Yunyan 77-2’ at difference slope aspects (shady and sunny slope) in the experimental base of environment-friendly rubber plantation of Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops. The results showed the survival rate of rubber trees was 98.67% on sunny slope, higher than that on shady slope. The average circumference of stem was 29.52 cm on sunny slope, significantly higher than that on shady slope by the end of 2018. In the first three years, the annual average growth of stem circumference was significantly higher on sunny slope than that on shady slope, but no significant difference in the fourth year. In general, ‘Yunyan 77-2’ grew better on sunny slope than that on shady slope.
2019, 40(5): 78-82.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.016
Abstract:
After a follow-up investigation on the test forest of poplar clones for 11 years, seudies were made of the growth indexes of 18 poplar chones such as DBH, tree height and volume and genetic variabilities, and their growth adaptabilities were evaluated comprehensively by principal component analysis for 18 poplar clones in the test forest of Nan'geng Forest Farm at Daguan District of Anqing City. The results showed that there were significant differences in DBH, tree height, volume among different clones.the growth indexes of ‘Jiang Huai 1’ was best, ‘Jiang Huai 1’ was an excellent male poplar clone by ranking first in comprehensive evaluation of growth adaptability, which not only inherited the excellent characteristics of parents, but also had high genetic gain.
After a follow-up investigation on the test forest of poplar clones for 11 years, seudies were made of the growth indexes of 18 poplar chones such as DBH, tree height and volume and genetic variabilities, and their growth adaptabilities were evaluated comprehensively by principal component analysis for 18 poplar clones in the test forest of Nan'geng Forest Farm at Daguan District of Anqing City. The results showed that there were significant differences in DBH, tree height, volume among different clones.the growth indexes of ‘Jiang Huai 1’ was best, ‘Jiang Huai 1’ was an excellent male poplar clone by ranking first in comprehensive evaluation of growth adaptability, which not only inherited the excellent characteristics of parents, but also had high genetic gain.
2019, 40(5): 83-87.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.017
Abstract:
Experiments were carried out by investigating and analyzing the survival rate, preservation rate and seedling height growth of direct-seeding seedlings of four native tree species, Liquidambar formosana, Schima superba, Pinus massoniana and Paliurus ramosissimus,under 3 treatments, sawdust mulching, straw mulching and no mulching (control). The results showed that the seedlings treated by mulching were slightly higher than the control groups in average survival rate, average preservation rate and seedling height growth. The survival rates of L. formosana, P. massoniana and Paliurus ramosissimus were significantly higher than those of Schima superba, while the preservation rate of L. formosana, P. massoniana and S. superba were only slightly higher than those of Schima superba. For 1-year-old and 2-year-old seedlings the height growths of L. formosana and P. massoniana were significantly higher than those of Schima superba and Paliurus ramosissimus, which indicateed that L. formosana and P. massoniana were more suitable to grow on steep slopes than Schima superba and Paliurus ramosissimus.
Experiments were carried out by investigating and analyzing the survival rate, preservation rate and seedling height growth of direct-seeding seedlings of four native tree species, Liquidambar formosana, Schima superba, Pinus massoniana and Paliurus ramosissimus,under 3 treatments, sawdust mulching, straw mulching and no mulching (control). The results showed that the seedlings treated by mulching were slightly higher than the control groups in average survival rate, average preservation rate and seedling height growth. The survival rates of L. formosana, P. massoniana and Paliurus ramosissimus were significantly higher than those of Schima superba, while the preservation rate of L. formosana, P. massoniana and S. superba were only slightly higher than those of Schima superba. For 1-year-old and 2-year-old seedlings the height growths of L. formosana and P. massoniana were significantly higher than those of Schima superba and Paliurus ramosissimus, which indicateed that L. formosana and P. massoniana were more suitable to grow on steep slopes than Schima superba and Paliurus ramosissimus.
2019, 40(5): 88-90.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.018
Abstract:
In order to select suitable plant materials for highway landscape corridor development,Plantation tests of Photinia fragrans, Pyracantha fortunei, Amorpha fruticosa and Plum fruticosa were carried out on the highway slope of Bashan Grand Canyon in Xuanhan County, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province. The results showed that the survival rate of container seedlings of Pyracantha fortunei, Photinia rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia nude root seedlings was over 85% and the preservation rate was over 80%. The growth rate of bare root seedlings of P. fruticosa from tree height, base diameter and crown width was the highest, followed by Pyracantha fortunei and Photinia fortunei, and the bare root seedlings of P. fruticosa were significantly lower than other species.
In order to select suitable plant materials for highway landscape corridor development,Plantation tests of Photinia fragrans, Pyracantha fortunei, Amorpha fruticosa and Plum fruticosa were carried out on the highway slope of Bashan Grand Canyon in Xuanhan County, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province. The results showed that the survival rate of container seedlings of Pyracantha fortunei, Photinia rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia nude root seedlings was over 85% and the preservation rate was over 80%. The growth rate of bare root seedlings of P. fruticosa from tree height, base diameter and crown width was the highest, followed by Pyracantha fortunei and Photinia fortunei, and the bare root seedlings of P. fruticosa were significantly lower than other species.
2019, 40(5): 91-95.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.019
Abstract:
Cryptomeria spp. were important timber trees in East Asia, including two species of C. fortunei and C. japonica. The status was reviewed for both species in distribution, characteristics, genetic variation and breeding, based on the current research of genetic resources. Also, the problems were put forward in the current research. It had important reference for the conservation and breeding of C. resources in China
Cryptomeria spp. were important timber trees in East Asia, including two species of C. fortunei and C. japonica. The status was reviewed for both species in distribution, characteristics, genetic variation and breeding, based on the current research of genetic resources. Also, the problems were put forward in the current research. It had important reference for the conservation and breeding of C. resources in China
2019, 40(5): 96-103.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.020
Abstract:
Leaf functional traits were important components of plant functional traits, closely related to plant growth and development processes and survival strategies, which also characterized plant ecological adaptation strategies for the environment, being of great significance in ecological research. Through the collection and collation of researches related to leaf functional traits at home and abroad, a summary was given to the types of plant leaf functional traits, ecological significance and trade-off relationship between leaf functional traits, and the shortcomings and directions were analyzed respectively in current and future researches.
Leaf functional traits were important components of plant functional traits, closely related to plant growth and development processes and survival strategies, which also characterized plant ecological adaptation strategies for the environment, being of great significance in ecological research. Through the collection and collation of researches related to leaf functional traits at home and abroad, a summary was given to the types of plant leaf functional traits, ecological significance and trade-off relationship between leaf functional traits, and the shortcomings and directions were analyzed respectively in current and future researches.
2019, 40(5): 104-107.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.021
Abstract:
Ormosia henryi was listed as one of the second grade national protective plants, with low rate of natural reproduction. Typical artificial reproduction techniques were summarized and analyzed for O. henryi, including the seed reproduction, cutting reproduction, grafting reproduction and tissue culture. The results indicated that these reproduction techniques had certain inadequacies. Finally, the focus and direction was put forward for the future research on O. henryi.
Ormosia henryi was listed as one of the second grade national protective plants, with low rate of natural reproduction. Typical artificial reproduction techniques were summarized and analyzed for O. henryi, including the seed reproduction, cutting reproduction, grafting reproduction and tissue culture. The results indicated that these reproduction techniques had certain inadequacies. Finally, the focus and direction was put forward for the future research on O. henryi.
2019, 40(5): 108-112.
doi: 10.16779/j.cnki.1003-5508.2019.05.022
Abstract:
The front-end chain of bamboo industry included cutting, shaving, bundling and transit transportation, which were the source links of the whole bamboo industry. The insufficient mechanization of front-end industry limited the large-scale development of bamboo industry in Hilly and mountainous areas. The shortcomings were revealed for bamboo industry by analyzing the current situation and demand of mechanization of front-end chains. In order to reduce the labor intensity and improve the operation efficiency, it was proposed to take mechanical research and development, establish standardized forest farms and explore new modes as the breakthrough points, which was the development trend of the whole process mechanization of bamboo industry.
The front-end chain of bamboo industry included cutting, shaving, bundling and transit transportation, which were the source links of the whole bamboo industry. The insufficient mechanization of front-end industry limited the large-scale development of bamboo industry in Hilly and mountainous areas. The shortcomings were revealed for bamboo industry by analyzing the current situation and demand of mechanization of front-end chains. In order to reduce the labor intensity and improve the operation efficiency, it was proposed to take mechanical research and development, establish standardized forest farms and explore new modes as the breakthrough points, which was the development trend of the whole process mechanization of bamboo industry.
