Eco-environmental Changes and Their Driving Forces Analysis in Micangshan National Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province
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摘要: 国家级自然保护区是推进生态文明、构建国家生态安全屏障、建设美丽中国的重要载体。为给保护区生态环境保护和自然资源合理利用提供一个示范案例，本文以四川省米仓山国家级自然保护区（以下简称米仓山保护区）为研究区，利用该地区2016年和2017年获取的两期遥感数据，采用人机交互解译方法，在ArcGIS平台上分别圈定耕地、建设用地、未利用地（人工因子）和林地、草地、水域湿地（自然因子），监测保护区土地利用/覆盖现状，分析保护区生态环境变化及其驱动力。结果表明：2016—2017年间保护区土地利用/覆盖类型转换趋势为人工因子转自然因子，主要类型为耕地转林地。通过选定与生态环境密切相关的岩性坚硬度，坡度，水资源，气候降水和人文因素进行驱动力分析发现，米仓山保护区生态环境的变化是自然因素和人文因素等驱动力共同作用的结果，政策推动下的人口减少是直接动因。该成果可为保护区相关监管部门的生态环境保护工作提供重要依据。Abstract: National Nature Reserves are important carriers for promoting ecological civilization, extablishing national ecological security and building a beautiful China. In order to provide an example for the protection of ecological environment and the rational use of natural resources, the Micangshan National Nature Reserve(hereinafter referred to as Micangshan Reserve) was taken as the research area, and two issues of remote sensing data acquired in 2016 and 2017 were used to delineate cultivated land, construction land, unused land (artificial factors) and forestland, grassland, water wetland (natural factors) in ArcGIS by means of human-computer Interactive Interpretation to monitor the status of land use/coverage in the nature reserves and analyze the ecological environment changes and their driving forces. The results showed that the conversion trend of land use/coverage types was from artificial factors to natural factors in 2016 to 2017, and the main type was from cultivated land to forest land. By selecting the strata lithology, terrain slope, water resource factors, climate precipitation which were closely related to the ecological environment and human factors, the changes of eco-environment in Micangshan Reserve were the result of the interaction of natural and human factors. The policy-driven population reduction was the direct cause. The results also provided an important basis for the eco-environmental protection work of the relevant regulatory departments of the protected areas.
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